Today Holidays
Japan: National Foundation Day
Events
1531 - Henry VIII of England is recognized as supreme head of the Church of England.
1659 - The assault on Copenhagen by Swedish forces is beaten back with heavy losses.
1752 - Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the United States, opens.
1790 - Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, petitions U.S. Congress for abolition of slavery.
1794 - First session of United States Senate open to the public.
1808 - Anthracite coal is first burned as a fuel, experimentally.
1809 - Robert Fulton files a patent for improvements to steamboat navigation
1812 - Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry "gerrymanders" for the first time.
1814 - Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar Union.
1826 - University College London is founded under the name University of London.
1826 - Swaminarayan wrote the Shikshapatri, an important test within the Swaminarayan faith.
1840 - Gaetano Donizetti's opera La Fille du Régiment receives its first performance in Paris.
1843 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi receives its first performance in Milan.
1855 - Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia, by Abuna Salama III in a ceremony at the church of Derasge Maryam.
1861 - American Civil War: United States House of Representatives unanimously passes a resolution guaranteeing noninterference with slavery in any state.
1869 - Frederick Banting announces the discovery of insulin, used to treat diabetes, at the University of Toronto.
1873 - King Amadeus I of Spain abdicates.
1889 - Meiji constitution of Japan is adopted; the first Diet of Japan convenes in 1890.
1903 - Anton Bruckner's 9th Symphony receives its first performance in Vienna.
1905 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.
1916 - Emma Goldman is arrested for lecturing on birth control.
1919 - Friedrich Ebert (SPD), is elected President of Germany.
1929 - Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty.
1937 - A sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognizes the United Auto Workers Union.
1938 - BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television program, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Capek play R.U.R., which coined the term "robot".
1939 - A Lockheed XP-38 flies from California to New York in 7 hours 2 minutes.
1941 - First Gold record is presented to Glenn Miller for "Chattanooga Choo Choo".
1942 - The Battle of Bukit Timah is fought in Singapore during World War II.
1943 - World War II: General Dwight Eisenhower is selected to command the allied armies in Europe.
1948 - John Costello succeeds Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach of Ireland.
1953 - President Dwight Eisenhower refuses clemency appeal for Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.
1953 - The Soviet Union breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.
1963 - Julia Child's show The French Chef premieres.
1964 - Greeks and Turks begin fighting in Limassol, Cyprus.
1964 - The Republic of China (Taiwan) breaks off diplomatic relations with France.
1964 - The Beatles hold their first concert in the United States at the Washington Coliseum in Washington, D.C.
1968 - Israeli-Jordanian border clashes.
1971 - Eighty-seven countries, including the US, UK, and USSR, sign the Seabed Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons in international waters.
1973 - Vietnam War: First release of American prisoners of war from Vietnam takes place.
1978 - Censorship: the People's Republic of China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, Shakespeare and Dickens.
1979 - Islamic revolution of Iran achieves victory under the leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
1981 - 100,000;US;gallons (380;m3) of radioactive coolant leak into the containment building of TVA Sequoyah 1 nuclear plant in Tennessee, contaminating 8 workers.
1987 - Philippines constitution goes into effect.
1990 - Nelson Mandela, a political prisoner for 27 years, is released from Victor Verster Prison outside Cape Town, South Africa.
1991 - UNPO, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, forms in The Hague, Netherlands.
1997 - Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope.
2006 - Vice President of the United States Dick Cheney shoots Harry Whittington in the face, neck, and upper torso while hunting quail.
2007 - In Portugal, a national referendum legalizes non-therapeutic abortion when requested by the woman during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy.
2008 - In East Timor, assassination attempts are made on Xanana Gusmao and Jose Ramos-Horta. Both fail.
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